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Ultrapure water equipment uses methods such as pretreatment, reverse osmosis technology, ultrapure processing, and post-treatment to almost completely remove conductive substances from water, as well as reduce non-dissociated colloidal substances, gases, and organic matter to very low levels. Purified water equipment primarily uses reverse osmosis membrane technology. Its working principle involves applying certain pressure to water, allowing water molecules and ionized minerals to pass through the reverse osmosis membrane, while most of the dissolved inorganic salts (including heavy metals), organic substances, bacteria, and viruses cannot pass through the membrane. This strictly separates the purified water that permeates through from the concentrated water that cannot pass. The pore size of a reverse osmosis membrane is only 0.0001 microns, whereas viruses generally have diameters of 0.02-0.4 microns, and common bacteria have diameters of 0.4-1 micron.One. Different Uses
1.Uses of ultrapure water equipment:
(1)Production and cleaning of ultrapure materials and ultrapure reagents.
(2)Production and cleaning of electronic products.
(3)Production of battery products.
(4) Production and cleaning of semiconductor products.
(5) Production and cleaning of circuit boards.
(6) Production of other high-tech precision products.
2 Uses of Pure Water Equipment:
(1) Chemical water treatment in power plants
(2)Ultrapure water for electronics, semiconductors, and precision machinery industries
(3)Preparation of food, beverages, and drinking water
(4)Small pure water stations, communal drinking water
(5)Water for fine chemicals and advanced scientific disciplines
(6)Preparation of high-purity water required by other industries
(7)Process water for the pharmaceutical industry
(8)Desalination of seawater and brackish water
Two. Different Conductivities of Water
1. Quality of ultrapure water: Resistivity > 15 MΩ·cm The quality of ultrapure water is divided into five industry standards: 18 MΩ·cm, 15 MΩ·cm, 10 MΩ·cm, 2 MΩ·cm, and 0.5 MΩ·cm, to distinguish different water qualities.
2. Types of pure water: industrial pure water and drinking pure water Industrial pure water: At 25°C, 1. Ordinary pure water: EC = 1~10 μS/cm 2. High-purity water: EC = 0.1~1.0 μS/cm 3. Ultrapure water: EC = 0.1~0.055 μS/cm Drinking pure water: EC = 1~10 μS/cm (national standard).
Three The process flows used among various types of equipment are different
1.The process flow for ultrapure water equipment is:
(1)Pretreatment system → Reverse osmosis system → Intermediate water tank → Coarse mixed bed → Fine mixed bed → Pure water tank → Pure water pump → UV sterilizer → Polishing mixed bed → Precision filter → Water-consuming application (≥18 MΩ·cm) (conventional process).
(2) Pretreatment → Reverse osmosis → Intermediate water tank → Water pump → EDI device → Purified water tank → Pure water pump → UV sterilizer → Polishing mixed bed → 0.2 or 0.5 μm precision filter → Water-consuming application (≥18 MΩ·cm) (latest process).
(3) Pretreatment → Primary Reverse Osmosis → Dosing Pump (pH Adjustment) → Intermediate Water Tank → Secondary Reverse Osmosis (Cationic Reverse Osmosis Membrane) → Purified Water Tank → Purified Water Pump → EDI Device → UV Sterilizer → 0.2 or 0.5 μm Precision Filter → Water Use Point (≥17 MΩ·cm) (Latest Process).
(4) Pretreatment → Reverse Osmosis → Intermediate Water Tank → Water Pump → EDI Device → Purified Water Tank → Purified Water Pump → UV Sterilizer → 0.2 or 0.5 μm Precision Filter → Water Use Point (≥15 MΩ·cm) (Latest Process).
(5) Pretreatment System → Reverse Osmosis System → Intermediate Water Tank → Purified Water Pump → Coarse Mixed Bed → Fine Mixed Bed → UV Sterilizer → Precision Filter → Water Use Point (≥15 MΩ·cm) (Traditional Process).
2.The process flows of pure water equipment are as follows:
(1) Using ion exchange method:Raw water → Raw water booster pump → Multimedia filter → Activated carbon filter → Water softener → Precision filter → Cation exchange resin bed → Anion exchange resin bed → Mixed bed of cation and anion resins → Microporous filter → Water use point
(2)Using two-stage reverse osmosis method:Raw water → Raw water booster pump → Multimedia filter → Activated carbon filter → Water softener → Precision filter → First-stage reverse osmosis → pH adjustment → Intermediate water tank → Second-stage reverse osmosis (RO membrane surface positively charged) → Purified water tank → Pure water pump → Microporous filter → Water use point3. Using EDI method:Raw water → Raw water booster pump → Multimedia filter → Activated carbon filter → Water softener → Precision filter → First-stage reverse osmosis unit → Intermediate water tank → Intermediate water pump → EDI system → Microporous filter → Water use point.
